The Effects of Resveratrol and Melatonin on Biochemical and Molecular Parameters in Diabetic Old Female Rat Hearts

Abstract

The roles of melatonin and resveratrol-enhanced activation of SIRT1 (silent information regulator 1), GLUT4 (glucose transporter type 4), and PGC-1 alpha (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 -alpha) in mediating the protective effects on the heart in aged female rats with streptozotocin-induced dia-betes were investigated. 16-month-old 48 Wistar female rats were separated into 8 groups with equal numbers. Group 1: Control, Group 2: Resveratrol Control, Group 3: Melatonin Control, Group 4: Resveratrol and Melatonin Control, Group 5: Diabetes, Group 6: Diabetes Resveratrol, Group 7: Diabetes Melatonin, Group 8: Diabetes Resveratrol and Melatonin. A single dose of 40 mg/kg intraperitoneal streptozotocin was injected into the rats of Groups 5, 6, 7, and 8 to induce experimental diabetes. Blood glucose levels were measured from the tail veins of the animals six days after the injections, using a diagnostic glucose kit. Rats with a blood glucose levels >= 300 mg/dl were considered diabetic. 5 mg/kg/day of resveratrol (intraperitoneal) and melatonin (subcutaneous) were administered for four weeks. At the end of the applications, SIRT1, GLUT4, PGC-1 alpha gene expression as well as MDA and GSH levels in the heart tissues were determined by the PCR method from heart tissue samples taken under general anesthesia.The findings of our study show that suppressed antioxidant activity and decreased GLUT4, SIRT1, and PGC-1 alpha gene expression in heart tissue can be reversed by the combination of resveratrol, melatonin, and resveratrol + melatonin in a diabetic aged female rat model. Resveratrol and melatonin supplementation may have a pro-tective effect on cardiac functions in the diabetic aged female rat model.