Publication: İlköğretimde Görev Yapan Öğretmenlerin Eğitim Felsefelerine İlişkin Eğilimlerinin Belirlenmesi: Bayburt İli Örneği
Abstract
Eğitim, toplumların sahip oldukları kültürel değerleri ve bilgi birikimlerini gelecek nesillere aktaran, kendi toplum yapısına uygun yurttaş yetiştiren bir sistemdir. Bu sistemde eğitimin amacı, bireylerin nasıl eğitileceği, hangi konuların niçin öğretileceği ve eğitim sisteminin hangi değerler üzerine inşa edileceği gibi sorular, eğitimin iskeletini oluşturan felsefeyle ilişkilidir. Türkiye'de de belirli zamanlarda eğitim sisteminde reformlar yapılmış, öğretim programlarının felsefesi net olarak açıklanmıştır. Ancak öğretim programlarının felsefesinin, gelecek nesle aktarımındaki en önemli rol, programı öğrenciye aktaracak olan öğretmenlere düşmektedir. Bu nedenle araştırmada ilköğretim kademelerinde çalışan öğretmenlerin eğitim felsefesi ile ilgili eğilimlerini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca araştırmada, öğretmenlerin eğitim felsefelerine ilişkin eğilimlerinin cinsiyet, yaş, kıdem, görev yeri, eğitim düzeyleri vb. değişkenler bakımından anlamlı bir farklılık gösterip göstermediği de incelenmiştir. Araştırmada, yöntem olarak betimsel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada veriler, Daimicilik, Esasicilik, İlerlemecilik ve Yeniden Kurmacılık eğitim felsefelerini içeren, 'Eğitim Felsefesi Akımları Ölçeği' ile elde edilmiştir. Araştırma, örneklemini Bayburt ilinde Millî Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı ilkokul ve ortaokullarda görev yapan, farklı branşlardaki 239 öğretmen oluşturmuştur. Verilerin analizinde frekans, yüzde, ortalama değerler, t-testi ve ANOVA kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda öğretmenlerin İlerlemecilik ve Yeniden Kurmacılık akımlarına karşı yüksek eğilime sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Cinsiyet ve yaş değişkeni açısından anlamlı farklılıklar ortaya çıkmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler : Eğitim felsefesi, öğretim programı, öğretmen eğilimleri
Education is a system that hands down cultural values and accumulated knowledge of societies to the next generations and that grows citizens in line with the structure of the society. In this system, such issues as purpose of education, how to educate individuals, what to teach and why, and upon which values the education system should be built are associated with the philosophy which form the basis of the education. Further, there have also been several educational reforms in Turkey, and the philosophy of education has been clearly defined. However, the most important role in transmitting the educational philosophy of teaching curriculums to the next generations belongs to teachers who conduct activities through the curriculum with students. In this sense, the core purpose of this paper was to determine elementary school teachers' opinions on the philosophical foundations of the teaching curriculums. Further, this study was to examine if there were statistically differences inb terms of the teachers' socio-demographic characteristics such as gender, age, work experience, workplace, and educational background. A descriptive survey model was used in this study. The data were collected through 'the Educational Philosophy Scale', which includes such educational philosophies as perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, and reconstructionism. A total of 239 teachers from different branches teach in primary and elementary schools affiliated to Ministry of Education in Bayburt Province of Turkey were recruited in this study. The data were analyzed via descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage mean, t-test and ANOVA. The results show that teachers have positive opinions on such educational philosophies as progressivism and reconsructionism. There were also statistically meaningful differences in terms of gender and age variables. KeyWords : Educational philosophy, education curriculum, teacher trends
Education is a system that hands down cultural values and accumulated knowledge of societies to the next generations and that grows citizens in line with the structure of the society. In this system, such issues as purpose of education, how to educate individuals, what to teach and why, and upon which values the education system should be built are associated with the philosophy which form the basis of the education. Further, there have also been several educational reforms in Turkey, and the philosophy of education has been clearly defined. However, the most important role in transmitting the educational philosophy of teaching curriculums to the next generations belongs to teachers who conduct activities through the curriculum with students. In this sense, the core purpose of this paper was to determine elementary school teachers' opinions on the philosophical foundations of the teaching curriculums. Further, this study was to examine if there were statistically differences inb terms of the teachers' socio-demographic characteristics such as gender, age, work experience, workplace, and educational background. A descriptive survey model was used in this study. The data were collected through 'the Educational Philosophy Scale', which includes such educational philosophies as perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, and reconstructionism. A total of 239 teachers from different branches teach in primary and elementary schools affiliated to Ministry of Education in Bayburt Province of Turkey were recruited in this study. The data were analyzed via descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage mean, t-test and ANOVA. The results show that teachers have positive opinions on such educational philosophies as progressivism and reconsructionism. There were also statistically meaningful differences in terms of gender and age variables. KeyWords : Educational philosophy, education curriculum, teacher trends
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