Publication: Geri Düzeltmesiz Sismik Yalıtımlı Hafif Yapıların Deprem Etkisinde Performansı
Abstract
Devrilme momenti olmayan hafif yapıların ekonomik ve güvenli sismik yalıtım tasarımı amacı doğrultusunda sunulan çalışmada: 1) Kuvvetli deprem bölgelerindeki günümüze kadar ayakta durabilmiş tarihi yapılardan, gömülü Doğal Sismik Yalıtım Sistemi (DSYS) ortaya çıkarılarak matematik modeli oluşturulmuştur; 2) DSYS sisteminin sürtünme arayüzü için, depremlerin tekrarlanma periyodunda davranışı öğrenilmiş Horasan harcı kullanılmıştır; 3) DSYS sisteminin sürtünme arayüzü basamak alanı tasarımı için geliştirilmiş Coulomb sürtünme modeline alan etkisi eklenerek tasarım formülasyonları ve yöntemi sunulmuştur; 4) DSYS sistemine etkiyen deprem kuvvetinin, aynı zamanda geri düzeltme mekanizması da sağladığı ortaya konulmuştur; 5) DSYS sisteminde yukarıda bahsedilen geliştirilmiş Coulomb sürtünme modelinde kullanılan sürtünme arayüzünün (Horasan harcı) daha yüksek dereceden sürtünme etkileşimi davranışını yansıtabilmesi için ilgili parametrelerin deneylere dayalı bulunma yöntemi sunulmuştur; 6) Sunulan DSYS sistemi kullanılarak sismik yalıtımlı yapı tasarımı yöntemi verilmiş ve uygulama sınırları belirlenmiştir; 7) Büyüklüğü 6'dan büyük olan depremlerde devrilme momenti olmayan ankastre yapıların taban ivmesini ortalama %44 artırdığı, bu yapıların sadece sismik yalıtımlı olarak kullanılabilir olduğu gösterilmiş; somut sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlara dayanarak DSYS sistemi ile sismik yalıtılmış yapı örneklerinde 6 büyüklüğünden büyük kuvvetli deprem etkilerinden, yapının 0.0299 metre - 0.107 metre aralığında yerdeğiştirme alarak, yapı ivmesinin %54 - %71 aralığında azaldığı, hız ve gerilmelerin ilgili limit değerlerini aşmayarak DSYS sisteminin yüksek performans gösterdiği görülmüştür. DSYS sisteminin tasarım ve uygulamasının çok ekonomik olmasının yanısıra göstermiş olduğu performans, devrilme momenti olmayan hafif yapılarda (4 kata kadar hastane, okul, konut vb.) kullanılabilirliğini ortaya koymuştur. Ayrıca, DSYS sisteminde kullandığımız sürtünme arayüzünün (Horasan harcı) davranışının asırlar boyunca öğrenilmiş olması, sunulan DSYS sistemine önemli ayrıcalık tanımaktadır.
In the study presented for the purpose of economic and safe seismic isolation design of lightweight structures without overturning moment: 1) An embedded Natural Seismic Isolation System (NSIS) has been extracted from historical structures in strong earthquake zones which have survived to the present day and a mathematical model has been created; 2) Horasan mortar, which had been tried in the past and whose behavior had been learnt within the repetition period of the earthquakes, was used for the friction interface of the NSIS system; 3) Design formulations and method were presented by adding area effect to the developed Coulomb friction model for NSIS system friction interface step area design; 4) It was also demonstrated that the earthquake force affecting the NSIS system provided a restoring mechanism; 5) So that the friction interface (Horasan mortar) used in the above-mentioned developed Coulomb friction model could reflect a higher degree friction interaction behavior in the NSIS system, the method of finding the relevant parameters based on experiments was presented; 6) The seismic isolated structure design method was provided by using the NSIS system and the limits of application were determined; 7) It was shown that fixed base structures without overturning moment increase the base acceleration by 44% on average during earthquakes with magnitudes greater than 6, and that those structures could only be used with seismic isolation; and concrete results were obtained. Based on these results, in structure samples seismically isolated with NSIS system, the displacement of the structure within the range of 0.0299 meters - 0.107 meters was reduced by 54% - 71% of the building acceleration due to the strong earthquake effects greater than the magnitude of 6, velocity and stresses did not exceed the relevant limit values and NSIS system was found to perform very well. In addition to its highly economic design and implementation, the performance of the NSIS system indicated its usability in lightweight structures (hospital, school, house etc. up to 4 floors) without overturning moment. Moreover, the fact that the behavior of the friction interface (Horasan mortar) we use in the NSIS system has been learnt for centuries gives an important privilege to the NSIS system presented.
In the study presented for the purpose of economic and safe seismic isolation design of lightweight structures without overturning moment: 1) An embedded Natural Seismic Isolation System (NSIS) has been extracted from historical structures in strong earthquake zones which have survived to the present day and a mathematical model has been created; 2) Horasan mortar, which had been tried in the past and whose behavior had been learnt within the repetition period of the earthquakes, was used for the friction interface of the NSIS system; 3) Design formulations and method were presented by adding area effect to the developed Coulomb friction model for NSIS system friction interface step area design; 4) It was also demonstrated that the earthquake force affecting the NSIS system provided a restoring mechanism; 5) So that the friction interface (Horasan mortar) used in the above-mentioned developed Coulomb friction model could reflect a higher degree friction interaction behavior in the NSIS system, the method of finding the relevant parameters based on experiments was presented; 6) The seismic isolated structure design method was provided by using the NSIS system and the limits of application were determined; 7) It was shown that fixed base structures without overturning moment increase the base acceleration by 44% on average during earthquakes with magnitudes greater than 6, and that those structures could only be used with seismic isolation; and concrete results were obtained. Based on these results, in structure samples seismically isolated with NSIS system, the displacement of the structure within the range of 0.0299 meters - 0.107 meters was reduced by 54% - 71% of the building acceleration due to the strong earthquake effects greater than the magnitude of 6, velocity and stresses did not exceed the relevant limit values and NSIS system was found to perform very well. In addition to its highly economic design and implementation, the performance of the NSIS system indicated its usability in lightweight structures (hospital, school, house etc. up to 4 floors) without overturning moment. Moreover, the fact that the behavior of the friction interface (Horasan mortar) we use in the NSIS system has been learnt for centuries gives an important privilege to the NSIS system presented.
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