Publication: Sulama Suyu Tuzluluğu ve Farklı Manyetik Uygulamaların Kırmızıbiber (Capsicum Annum Cv. Kapija) Bitkisinin Bitki Su Tüketimi, Verim, Kalite Parametreleri ve Toprak Tuzluluğu Üzerine Etkileri
Abstract
Kuraklık ve tuzluluk, bitki gelişimini kısıtlayan ve ekonomik gıda üretimini etkileyen önemli faktörlerdir. Bu nedenle, tarımsal uygulamalarda sulamanın miktarını ve toprak tuzluluğunu azaltmak için yeni stratejiler kullanılmaktadır. Yeni stratejilerden biri manyetik su teknolojisidir. Bu çalışmada, sulama suyu tuzluluğu ve farklı manyetik uygulamaların kırmızıbiber (capsicum annum cv. kapija) bitkisinin verim, bitki su tüketimi, kalite parametreleri, toprak tuzluluğu, stoma iletkenliği ve klorofil içeriği üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma tesadüf parselleri 2 faktörlü faktöriyel deneme desenine göre yürütülerek plastik örtü ile üstü kaplı olan, yanları açılmış bir sera koşullarında dört tekerrürlü ve 2 yıl yürütülmüştür. Çalışma yedi farklı sulama suyu tuzluluğu (T1= 0.38 dS m-1, T2= 1 dS m-1, T3= 2 dS m-1, T4= 3 dS m-1, T5= 5 dS m-1, T6= 7 dS m-1 ve T7= 10 dS m-1) ve 3 farklı manyetik uygulama M1 (manyetik olmayan sulama suyu), M2 (manyetik ortamdan 1 defa geçirilmiş su) ve M3 (manyetik ortamdan 3 defa geçirilmiş su) toplam 84 saksıda yürütülmüştür. Çalışma sonunda, sulama suyu tuzluluğundaki artış biber verim, meyve parametreleri, bitki su tüketimi, su kullanım etkinliği, klorofil içeriği, stoma iletkenliği ve bitki yaprak sodyum, potasyum, kalsiyum içeriklerinde azalmaya neden olduğu göstermiştir. Bununla beraber drenaj suyu tuzluluğu, toprak tuzluluğu, toprak sodyum, potasyum, kalsiyum ve kalsiyum+ magnezyum içeriklerinde artış görülmüştür. Manyetik olan sulama suyu kullanıldığında biber büyüme, verim ve meyve parametrelerinde bir artışa neden olmuş ve manyetik olmayan sulama suyunun M1 olması durumunda ise azalmalar olduğu görülmüştür. Manyetik uygulama ve sulama suyu tuzluluğu interaksiyonu birlikte etkisi incelendiğinde, en yüksek biber verim manyetik olan sulama suyu M3 ile sulama suyu tuzluluğunun T1 (0.38 dS m-1) konusunda, en düşük ise manyetik olmayan sulama suyu M1ve sulama suyu tuzluluğunun T7 (10.0 dS m-1) konusunda belirlenmiştir. Manyetik uygulama için kırmızıbiber (capsicum annum cv. kapija) tuzluluk eşik değerleri M1, M2 ve M3 uygulamalarından 2019 yılında sırasıyla 1.279, 1.262 ve 1.250 dS m-1 ve 2020 yılında sırasıyla 1.286, 1.266 ve 1.252 dS m-1 olarak bulunmuştur. Çalışma sonucuna göre, özellikle tuzlu sulama koşullarında sulama durumunda daha yüksek verim elde edilebilmek için manyetik olan sulama suyu kullanılması önerilmiştir.
Drought and salinity are important factors that restrict plant growth and affect the economic production of food. Therefore, new strategies are used to reduce the amount of irrigation and soil salinity in agricultural practices. One of the new strategies is magnetic water technology. This study was carried out to determine the effects of irrigation water salinity and different magnetic treatment on the yield, evapotranspiration, quality parameters, soil salinity, stomatal conductivity, and chlorophyll content of red pepper (capsicum annum cv. kapija). The study was processed in accordance with randomized block design experiments in a greenhouse with open sides and covered with plastic cover, with four replications for 2 years under. In this study, red pepper was exposed to seven different saline water (T1= 0.38 dS m-1, T2= 1 dS m-1, T3= 2 dS m-1, T4= 3 dS m-1, T5= 5 dS m-1, T6= 7 dS m-1 ve T7= 10 dS m-1) and it three different magnetic applications M1 (non-magnetic irrigation water), M2 (passed through the magnetic field 1 times) and M3 (passed through the magnetic field 3 times) It was conducted in a total of 84 pots. The results of this study showed that the increase in irrigation water salinity caused a decrease in pepper yield, fruit parameters, evapotranspiration, water use efficiency, chlorophyll content, stomatal conductivity, and plant leaf sodium, potassium, calcium contents. However, there was an increase in drainage water salinity, soil salinity, soil sodium, potassium, calcium, and calcium + magnesium contents. When magnetic irrigation water was used, it caused an increase in pepper growth, yield and fruit parameters, and decreases were observed in the case of non-magnetic irrigation water M1. When the interaction of magnetic application and irrigation water salinity is examined, the highest pepper yield was obtained by applying M1 and T1 while the lowest yield by M1 and T7, the lowest is non-magnetic irrigation water M1 and irrigation water salinity T7 (10.0 dS m-1). Ky value is yield response factor of Red pepper for magnetic application were 1.279, 1.262, and 1.250 dS m-1 in 2019 and 1.286, 1.266, and 1.252 dS m-1 in 2020, respectively, from M1, M2, and M3 applications. According to the results of the study, it is suggested to use magnetic irrigation water in order to obtain higher efficiency in irrigation, especially in salty irrigation conditions.
Drought and salinity are important factors that restrict plant growth and affect the economic production of food. Therefore, new strategies are used to reduce the amount of irrigation and soil salinity in agricultural practices. One of the new strategies is magnetic water technology. This study was carried out to determine the effects of irrigation water salinity and different magnetic treatment on the yield, evapotranspiration, quality parameters, soil salinity, stomatal conductivity, and chlorophyll content of red pepper (capsicum annum cv. kapija). The study was processed in accordance with randomized block design experiments in a greenhouse with open sides and covered with plastic cover, with four replications for 2 years under. In this study, red pepper was exposed to seven different saline water (T1= 0.38 dS m-1, T2= 1 dS m-1, T3= 2 dS m-1, T4= 3 dS m-1, T5= 5 dS m-1, T6= 7 dS m-1 ve T7= 10 dS m-1) and it three different magnetic applications M1 (non-magnetic irrigation water), M2 (passed through the magnetic field 1 times) and M3 (passed through the magnetic field 3 times) It was conducted in a total of 84 pots. The results of this study showed that the increase in irrigation water salinity caused a decrease in pepper yield, fruit parameters, evapotranspiration, water use efficiency, chlorophyll content, stomatal conductivity, and plant leaf sodium, potassium, calcium contents. However, there was an increase in drainage water salinity, soil salinity, soil sodium, potassium, calcium, and calcium + magnesium contents. When magnetic irrigation water was used, it caused an increase in pepper growth, yield and fruit parameters, and decreases were observed in the case of non-magnetic irrigation water M1. When the interaction of magnetic application and irrigation water salinity is examined, the highest pepper yield was obtained by applying M1 and T1 while the lowest yield by M1 and T7, the lowest is non-magnetic irrigation water M1 and irrigation water salinity T7 (10.0 dS m-1). Ky value is yield response factor of Red pepper for magnetic application were 1.279, 1.262, and 1.250 dS m-1 in 2019 and 1.286, 1.266, and 1.252 dS m-1 in 2020, respectively, from M1, M2, and M3 applications. According to the results of the study, it is suggested to use magnetic irrigation water in order to obtain higher efficiency in irrigation, especially in salty irrigation conditions.
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