Publication: Türkiye'deki Yaygın Kök-Ur Nematodu Türlerinden Meloidogyne Arenaria (Neal) (Nematoda: Heteroderidae)'nın Bazı Domates (Solanum Lycopersicum Mill.), Hıyar (Cucumis Sativus L.) ve Fasulye (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Bitkilerindeki Zarar Oranı
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Dünyada yayılış gösteren kök-ur nematodları (Meloidogyne spp.) sebzelerin ana zararlılarındandır. Bu çalışmada Orta Karadeniz Bölgesi'nin en yaygın türü M. arenaria'nın yoğun olarak tarımı yapılan ''Barbaros'' domates, ''Salcanto'' hıyar ve ''Balkız'' fasulye çeşitlerindeki zarar oranları araştırılmıştır. Bu çeşitler M. arenaria'nın 4 farklı populasyon yoğunluğunda ikinci dönem larva ve yumurtaları (0, 500, 1000, 2000) ile bulaştırılmış ve kontrollü serada saksı denemeleri yürütülmüştür. M. arenaria'nın, Barbaros domates çeşidine bitki boyu ve yaprak adedinde Salcanto hıyar çeşidinde meyve sayısı, yaprak adedi ve gövde yaş ağırlığında, Balkız fasulye çeşidinde ise bitki boyu, yaprak adedi ve gövde yaş ağırlığı başta olmak üzere bitki gelişimini önemli derecede etkilediği saptanmıştır. Her üç bitkide populasyon yoğunluğunun artışına paralel olarak, bu etkinin de arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca başlangıç populasyonu olarak kullanılan ikinci dönem larva ve yumurta dönemlerinde bulaştırılma yapılarak domates ve hıyar bitkilerindeki bitki gelişimi ve bitki üremesine etkileri de kıyaslanmış ve farklar ortaya konulmuştur. Sonuç olarak; domatese ikinci dönem larva ve yumurta bulaştırılmasının bitki gelişimine ve nematod üremesine etkileri yakın değerler olup, sadece 1000 populasyon yoğunluğunda yumurta sayıları istatiksel anlamda farklılıklar olduğu saptanmıştır. Hıyarda ise bitki gelişimi arasında genel olarak yakın değerler elde edilmiş olup, 2000 populasyon yoğunluğunda yaprak adedi, gövde yaş ağırlığı ve yaş kök ağırlığında istatiksel anlamda farklılıklar saptanmıştır. Domates, hıyar ve fasulye bitkilerin köklerinde nematod üremesi incelendiğinde, domates ve hıyar bitkisinin köklerinde yoğun urlanma görülmüş, fasulye bitkisinde ise urlanmanın çok yoğun olmadığı belirlenmiştir.
Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.), which spread all over the world are the main pests in vegetables. In this study, damage ratio of M. arenaria that is the most common in Central Black Sea Region, was investigated in cultivars of tomato (cv. Barbaros), cucumber (cv. Salcanto) and bean (cv. Balkız) that intensely produced. The second-stage juvenile and eggs of M. arenaria at four different population density (0, 500, 1000, 2000) were inoculated to plants and this experiment was conducted by green house tests. M. arenaria was effected to plant height and leaf number in cv.Barbaros, number of fruits, plant leaf number, stem fresh weight in cv.Salcanto and olant height, leaf number and especially stem fresh weight in cv.. As a addition with the increase of population density, all three cultivars were found that this effect also increases. Furthermore, inoculations of the second-stage juvenile and eggs which are used as starter population, in the same population density to tomato and cucumber plants were compared and showed differences on plant growth and effect of plant reproduction. In conclusion, plant growth and reproduction of nematodes effect with inoculations of the second-stage juvenile and eggs has been found similar in tomato, but only significant difference was considered in 1000 density of population of eggs numbers. In cucumber , close values were obtained among the plant criteria, but in 2000 density of population on leaf number, fresh weight of body and fresh weight of root had founded significant differences. Tomato, cucumber and bean plants in nematode reproduction of the bridge when examined, the roots of tomato and cucumber plants were seen busy galling up, in the bean plants was determined its result not have very intense galling.
Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.), which spread all over the world are the main pests in vegetables. In this study, damage ratio of M. arenaria that is the most common in Central Black Sea Region, was investigated in cultivars of tomato (cv. Barbaros), cucumber (cv. Salcanto) and bean (cv. Balkız) that intensely produced. The second-stage juvenile and eggs of M. arenaria at four different population density (0, 500, 1000, 2000) were inoculated to plants and this experiment was conducted by green house tests. M. arenaria was effected to plant height and leaf number in cv.Barbaros, number of fruits, plant leaf number, stem fresh weight in cv.Salcanto and olant height, leaf number and especially stem fresh weight in cv.. As a addition with the increase of population density, all three cultivars were found that this effect also increases. Furthermore, inoculations of the second-stage juvenile and eggs which are used as starter population, in the same population density to tomato and cucumber plants were compared and showed differences on plant growth and effect of plant reproduction. In conclusion, plant growth and reproduction of nematodes effect with inoculations of the second-stage juvenile and eggs has been found similar in tomato, but only significant difference was considered in 1000 density of population of eggs numbers. In cucumber , close values were obtained among the plant criteria, but in 2000 density of population on leaf number, fresh weight of body and fresh weight of root had founded significant differences. Tomato, cucumber and bean plants in nematode reproduction of the bridge when examined, the roots of tomato and cucumber plants were seen busy galling up, in the bean plants was determined its result not have very intense galling.
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Tez (yüksek lisans) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2015
Libra Kayıt No: 116016
Libra Kayıt No: 116016
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76
