Publication: Yaşlı Sıçanlarda Rivastigminin Melatonin Reseptörleri Üzerine Etkisi
Abstract
Birçok doku ve organda sentezlenen melatonin (5-methoxy-N-acetyltryptamine) diğer hormonların regülasyonunu ve organizmanın sirkadiyen ritmini düzenler. Melatonin sekresyonu yaş ile birlikte değişmektedir. Ayrıca yaşlılıkta demans görülme sıklığı genç popülasyona oranla daha fazladır. Yapılan çalışmalar melatoninin demans semptomlarında hafıza ve anksiyete gibi davranış bozukluklarına iyi geldiğini ortaya koymuştur. Rivastigmin (RİVA) demans semptomlarını gidermek için klinikte hali hazırda kullanılan asetilkolinesteraz ve bütirilkolinestereaz inhibitörüdür. RİVA'nın hafıza ve anksiyete benzeri semptomlar üzerine etkileri klinik ve pre-klinik çalışmalarla ortaya konsa da bu etkinin etkin mekanizması henüz net değildir. Bu nedenle sunulan çalışmanın amacı RİVA'nın 13 aylık dişi ve erkek sıçanlarda hafıza ve anksiyeteye etkisi ile melatonin MT-1 ve MT-2 reseptörlerinin gen ekspresyonuna etkisinin olup olmadığını araştırmaktır. Onüç aylık erkek ve dişi sıçanlarda RİVA'nın kendi kontrol gruplarıyla karşılaştırıldığında dişi sıçanlarda yeni çevreyi keşfetme davranışlarını ve erkek sıçanlarda da anksiyete benzeri davranışları arttırdığı bulundu. Ancak dişi sıçanlarda anksiyete benzeri davranışlar gözlenmedi. Ayrıca RİVA uygulanan yaşlı erkek sıçanların hipokampusunda hem MT-1 hem de MT-2 ekspresyonunun kendi kontrollerine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde azaldığı tespit edildi. RİVA uygulanan dişi sıçanların beyin korteksinde kontrollere göre sadece MT-1 reseptör ekspresyonunda artış görülürken hipokampusta ise hem MT-1 hem de MT-2 ekspresyonunda dişi kontrollere göre anlamlı düzeyde azalma bulundu. Sunulan çalışmadan elde edilen verilere göre yaşlı sıçanlarda kolinerjik sistemin hem yeni çevreyi keşfetme ve anksiyete benzeri davranışı hem de melatonin reseptör ekspresyonu üzerine cinsiyete bağlı farklı etkiler gösterebileceği söylenebilir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Yaşlılık, Melatonin, Kolinerjik Sistem, Hafıza, Anksiyete, Rivastigmin
Melatonin (5-methoxy-N-acetyltryptamine) synthesized in many tissues and organs regulates the regulation of other hormones and the circadian rhythm of the organism. Melatonin secretion changes with age. In addition, the incidence of dementia in the elderly is higher than in the younger population. Studies have shown that melatonin is good for dementia symptoms and behavioral disorders such as memory and anxiety. Rivastigmine (RIVA) is an acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterease inhibitor currently used clinically to relieve dementia symptoms. Although the effects of RIVA on memory and anxiety-like symptoms have been demonstrated in clinical and pre-clinical studies, the effective mechanism of this effect is not yet clear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of RIVA on memory and anxiety and gene expression of melatonin MT-1 and MT-2 receptors in 13-month-old male and female rats. In 13-month-old male and female rats, RIVA was found to increase exploratory behaviors in female rats and anxiety-like behaviors in male rats compared to their respective control groups. However, anxiety-like behaviors were not observed in female rats. In addition, both MT-1 and MT-2 expression in the hippocampus of RIVA-treated old male rats were significantly decreased compared to their controls. In the cerebral cortex of RIVA-treated female rats, only MT-1 receptor expression was increased, whereas in the hippocampus, both MT-1 and MT-2 expression were significantly decreased compared to female controls. According to the data obtained from the present study, it can be said that the cholinergic system may show different gender-dependent effects on both exploration of new environment and anxiety-like behavior and melatonin receptor expression in aged rats. Keywords: Aging, Melatonin, Cholinergic System, Memory, Anxiety, Rivastigmine
Melatonin (5-methoxy-N-acetyltryptamine) synthesized in many tissues and organs regulates the regulation of other hormones and the circadian rhythm of the organism. Melatonin secretion changes with age. In addition, the incidence of dementia in the elderly is higher than in the younger population. Studies have shown that melatonin is good for dementia symptoms and behavioral disorders such as memory and anxiety. Rivastigmine (RIVA) is an acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterease inhibitor currently used clinically to relieve dementia symptoms. Although the effects of RIVA on memory and anxiety-like symptoms have been demonstrated in clinical and pre-clinical studies, the effective mechanism of this effect is not yet clear. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of RIVA on memory and anxiety and gene expression of melatonin MT-1 and MT-2 receptors in 13-month-old male and female rats. In 13-month-old male and female rats, RIVA was found to increase exploratory behaviors in female rats and anxiety-like behaviors in male rats compared to their respective control groups. However, anxiety-like behaviors were not observed in female rats. In addition, both MT-1 and MT-2 expression in the hippocampus of RIVA-treated old male rats were significantly decreased compared to their controls. In the cerebral cortex of RIVA-treated female rats, only MT-1 receptor expression was increased, whereas in the hippocampus, both MT-1 and MT-2 expression were significantly decreased compared to female controls. According to the data obtained from the present study, it can be said that the cholinergic system may show different gender-dependent effects on both exploration of new environment and anxiety-like behavior and melatonin receptor expression in aged rats. Keywords: Aging, Melatonin, Cholinergic System, Memory, Anxiety, Rivastigmine
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