Publication: Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenlerinin Afetler, Okul Afet Yönetimiyle İlgili Farkındalıkları ve Afet Eğitimi Uygulamalarına Yönelik Öz Değerlendirmeleri
Abstract
Bu çalışmanın amacı, sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin afetler ve okul afet yönetimi konusundaki farkındalıklarını değerlendirmek, bu farkındalıkların afet eğitimi uygulamalarına yansımasını incelemek ve öğretmenlerin bu konulardaki öz değerlendirmelerini ortaya koymaktır. Bu kapsamda, öğretmenlerin afetlere hazırlıklı olma düzeylerini ve okul afet yönetimi süreçlerine katkılarını anlamak amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışma, temel nitel araştırma yöntemi desenine göre yürütülmüştür. Çalışma örneklemi, maksimum çeşitlilik örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Bu örneklem, İstanbul'un Başakşehir, Fatih ve Avcılar ilçelerinde görev yapan ve neredeyse tamamen birbirinden farklı devlet okullarında çalışan 30 sosyal bilgiler öğretmeninden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen bir görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Bu görüşme formunda yer alan yarı yapılandırılmış açık uçlu sorulara katılımcıların verdiği cevaplar betimsel analiz ile incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin afet kavramını geniş bir perspektiften ele aldıkları ancak doğa kaynaklı afetler ile diğer afet türleri arasında net bir ayrım yapamadıkları ve afet yönetimi algılarının afet öncesi, sırası ve sonrası süreçleri kapsayacak şekilde şekillendiği gözlemlenmiştir. Öğretmenlerin büyük çoğunluğunun afetler ve okul afet yönetimiyle ilgili farkındalıklarının, bulundukları ilçedeki afet riskine bağlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Özellikle İstanbul'un farklı ilçelerinde görev yapan öğretmenlerin, ilçelerinin yapılaşma ve risk durumuna bağlı olarak kendilerini güvende hissetme algılarının doğrudan etkilendiği saptanmıştır. Sosyal bilgiler derslerinde afet eğitimi uygulamalarının daha çok örnek olay analizi ve drama teknikleri gibi yöntemlerle gerçekleştirildiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Bununla birlikte, sınırlı süre ve yoğun öğretim programı nedeniyle afet eğitimine ayrılan zamanın yetersiz olduğu ve bu konuların derinlemesine ele alınamadığı tespit edilmiştir.
This study aims to evaluate the awareness of social studies teachers on disasters and school disaster management, examine the reflection of this awareness on disaster education practices, and reveal teachers' self-evaluations on these issues. In this context, it aims to understand teachers' preparedness level for disasters and their contributions to school disaster management processes. The study was conducted using the basic qualitative research method design. The study sample was determined using the maximum variation sampling method. This sample comprises 30 social studies teachers working in the Başakşehir, Fatih, and Avcılar districts of Istanbul and almost entirely working in different state schools. An interview form developed by the researcher was used as the data collection tool in the study. The responses given by the participants to the semi-structured open-ended questions in this interview form were examined with descriptive analysis. As a result, it was observed that social studies teachers approached the concept of disaster from a broad perspective but could not make a clear distinction between natural disasters and other types of disasters, and their perceptions of disaster management were shaped in a way that included the processes before, during and after the disaster. It was determined that the awareness of the majority of teachers about disasters and school disaster management depends on the disaster risk in the district they are in. It was determined that the perception of teachers' feeling safe working in different districts of Istanbul, in particular, is directly affected by their districts' structure and risk status. It was concluded that disaster education practices in social studies classes are mostly carried out using case study analysis and drama techniques. However, it was determined that the time allocated to disaster education is insufficient due to the limited time and intensive curriculum, and these issues cannot be addressed in depth.
This study aims to evaluate the awareness of social studies teachers on disasters and school disaster management, examine the reflection of this awareness on disaster education practices, and reveal teachers' self-evaluations on these issues. In this context, it aims to understand teachers' preparedness level for disasters and their contributions to school disaster management processes. The study was conducted using the basic qualitative research method design. The study sample was determined using the maximum variation sampling method. This sample comprises 30 social studies teachers working in the Başakşehir, Fatih, and Avcılar districts of Istanbul and almost entirely working in different state schools. An interview form developed by the researcher was used as the data collection tool in the study. The responses given by the participants to the semi-structured open-ended questions in this interview form were examined with descriptive analysis. As a result, it was observed that social studies teachers approached the concept of disaster from a broad perspective but could not make a clear distinction between natural disasters and other types of disasters, and their perceptions of disaster management were shaped in a way that included the processes before, during and after the disaster. It was determined that the awareness of the majority of teachers about disasters and school disaster management depends on the disaster risk in the district they are in. It was determined that the perception of teachers' feeling safe working in different districts of Istanbul, in particular, is directly affected by their districts' structure and risk status. It was concluded that disaster education practices in social studies classes are mostly carried out using case study analysis and drama techniques. However, it was determined that the time allocated to disaster education is insufficient due to the limited time and intensive curriculum, and these issues cannot be addressed in depth.
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