Publication: İslam Hukukunda Hukuki İşlemlerin Şarta Bağlılığı
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ÖZET Araştırma konumuz, 'İslâm Hukukunda Hukuki İşlemlerin Şarta Bağlılığı', muamelat hukuku içinde yer almakta olup, hukuki işlemlerin şarta bağlanmasını ifade etmektedir. Şart, bir şeyin hukuken var olması kendisine bağlı olan durumlardır. Hukuki işlem ise, bir veya birden çok kimsenin hukuki bir sonuç doğurmaya yönelmiş irade beyanlarını ifade etmektedir. Şart, İslâm hukukunda temelde kanunî ve iradî olarak ikiye ayrılır. Kanunî şartlar bir hukuki işlemin hüküm doğurabilmesi için gerekli olan şartlardır. Bunlara hukuki işlemin geçerlilik şartları da denir. Çalışmamızın konusunu teşkil eden iradî şartlar ise; hukuki işlemlerde taraflarca belirlenen şartlar olup; hukuki işleme bitişik şartlar (takyîdî) ve geleceğe yönelik (ta'likî) şartlar olmak üzere ikiye ayrılır. Çalışmamız, giriş, üç bölüm ve sonuçtan oluşmaktadır. Giriş bölümünde, araştırmanın konusu, önemi ve amacı, kaynakları ve metodu üzerinde durduk. Birinci bölümde, çalışmamızı temellendirebilmek için, şart ve hukuki işlem kavramlarını ele aldık. İkinci bölümde, şart serbestisini de içine alan hukuki işlem serbestisini ana hatlarıyla inceledik. Şarta bağlanan hukuki işlemlerin hükümlerini incelediğimiz üçüncü bölümü, ta'lîkî şarta bağlanan hukuki işlemlerin hükümleri ve takyîdî şarta bağlanan hukuki işlemlerin hükümleri şeklinde iki kısma ayırdık. Sonuç itibariyle, kamu yararının gerektirdiği ve naslarca kesin olarak yasaklanmış durumlar hariç, kişilerin hukuki işlemleri şarta bağlı olarak yapmalarında bir sakınca bulunmamaktadır.
ABSTRACT My thesis subject titled 'depending of legal transaction upon condition in islamic Law' is existed on the field of transactions (muamelât) and it means that depending of legal transaction upon condition. Condition is a stuation that existence of something legally connected with its own. On the other hand, the legal transaction consists of declaration of mind of one or more person that aims at legal result. Condition is mainly diverted into the two parts at the legal (kanunî) and willing (iradî) point of view in islamic Law. The legal conditions are the conditions that necessitated for the accepting of legal transaction. At the same time, these conditions are called conditions providing of the acceptability of legal transaction. Willing conditions which consist of my subject are designated by sides and divided into the two parts as joining conditions to the legal transactions (takyîdî) and conditions concering with unknownfuture (ta'lîkî) My research is formed into introduction, three sections and conclusion. In the introduction part, we concentrated on the subject of research, its importance and purpose, its resources and methods. In the first section, our research was based on the concept of condition and legal transaction we dealt with them. In the second part, we basicly examined the freedom of legal transaction which contained freedom of condition. In the third section, dividing this section into the two main parts, we studied verdicts of legal transactions connected with condition. In the first part, we examined verdicts of legal transactions connected with joining condition (takyîdî). In the second part, also, we examined verdicts of legal transactions connected with unknownfuture condition. As a result, exept for the cases that public interest made necessary and cases forbidden by the texts (nass) there is no obstacle to perform legal conditions connecting with conditions.
ABSTRACT My thesis subject titled 'depending of legal transaction upon condition in islamic Law' is existed on the field of transactions (muamelât) and it means that depending of legal transaction upon condition. Condition is a stuation that existence of something legally connected with its own. On the other hand, the legal transaction consists of declaration of mind of one or more person that aims at legal result. Condition is mainly diverted into the two parts at the legal (kanunî) and willing (iradî) point of view in islamic Law. The legal conditions are the conditions that necessitated for the accepting of legal transaction. At the same time, these conditions are called conditions providing of the acceptability of legal transaction. Willing conditions which consist of my subject are designated by sides and divided into the two parts as joining conditions to the legal transactions (takyîdî) and conditions concering with unknownfuture (ta'lîkî) My research is formed into introduction, three sections and conclusion. In the introduction part, we concentrated on the subject of research, its importance and purpose, its resources and methods. In the first section, our research was based on the concept of condition and legal transaction we dealt with them. In the second part, we basicly examined the freedom of legal transaction which contained freedom of condition. In the third section, dividing this section into the two main parts, we studied verdicts of legal transactions connected with condition. In the first part, we examined verdicts of legal transactions connected with joining condition (takyîdî). In the second part, also, we examined verdicts of legal transactions connected with unknownfuture condition. As a result, exept for the cases that public interest made necessary and cases forbidden by the texts (nass) there is no obstacle to perform legal conditions connecting with conditions.
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Tez (doktora) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2005
Libra Kayıt No: 17202
Libra Kayıt No: 17202
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