Publication: Bazı Organik Boyar Maddelerin ve Oluşturdukları Komplekslerin Termodinamik Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
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ÖZET BAZI ORGANİK BOYARMADDELERİN VE OLUŞTURDUKLARI KOMPLEKSLERİN TERMODİNAMİK ÖZELLİKLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ Bu çalışmada yapısında piridil ve tiazol grubu bulunduran heterosiklik azo boyarmaddelerin ve metal komplekslerinin termodinamik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada 2-[(5-Bromo-2-Piridilazo)]-Dietilamino Fenol, 4-(2-Tiazolazo)- Rezorsinol, 5-Metil-4-(2-Tiazolazo)-Rezorsinol ve 4-(2-Tiazolazo)-p-Krezol'ün Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II) ve Zn(Il) komplekslerinin elektrokimyasal ve spektroskopik özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Heterosiklik azo boyarmaddelerin elektrokimyasal davranışları Etanol-BRT tamponunda pH 2,0-12,2 aralığında SWV, DPP, SDC ve CV teknikleri kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Boyarmaddelerin civa elektrodu üzerindeki indirgenme reaksiyonları için mekanizmalar önerilmiştir. Aynı ortamda metal iyonu-boyarmadde kompleksleri farklı pH değerlerinde çalışılarak komplekslerin elektrokimyasal davranışları ve kompleks oluşum oranları belirlenmiştir. Spektroskopik metotlarla boyarmaddelerin pKa değerleri, kompleks oluşum oranlan ve sabitleri belirlenmiş, bu değerlerden yararlanılarak komplekslerin AG, AH ve AS termodinamik büyüklükleri hesaplanmıştır. Polarografık ve voltametrik verilerle TAC haricindeki heterosiklik azo boyarmaddelerin asidik ve nötral ortamda 2 elektron ve 2 proton alarak hidrazo türevlerine, kuvvetli bazik ortamda ise 4 elektron ve 4 proton alarak karşılık gelen amin türevlerine indirgendiği bir mekanizma belirlendi. TAC'ın ise diğerlerinden farklı olarak bütün pH değerlerinde 2 elektron ve 2 proton alarak hidrazo basamağına kadar indirgendiği belirlendi. Komplekslerin elektrokimyasal açıdan inert olduğu ve indirgenmenin ligantlar üzerinden olduğu görüldü. Bakır(II) komplekslerinin 1:1 Ni(Il), Co(ll) ve Zn(II) komplekslerinin ise 1 :2 kompleks stokiyometrisinde oluştuğu çizilen pik akımı -konsantrasyon grafiklerinden belirlendi. Spektroskopik çalışmalarla belirlenen pKa değerleri ve kompleks stokiyometrileri polarografık ve voltametrik tekniklerle belirlenen değerlerle uyumludur. Komplekslerin elektrokimyasal davranışlarında olduğu gibi absorpsiyon spektrumlanm da ligantlarm tayin ettiği görülmüştür. Tiazolazo türevlerinde girişim etkisinin büyük olması nedeniyle kompleks oluşum sabitlerinin belirlenmesinde ligantlara ait absorpsiyonların değişiminden yararlanılmıştır. Anahtar kelimeler: Azo boyarmaddeleri, metal kompleksi, polarografi, voltametri, diazenler
ABSTRACT DETERMINATION OF THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF SOME ORGANIC DYES AND THEIR COMPLEXES. The aim of this study is to determine the thermodynamic properties of azo dyes, which involve pyridyl and thiazolyl groups, and their metal complexes. In this work electrochemical and spectroscopic properties of the Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II) and Zn(II) complexes of 5-Bromo-(2-Pyridylazo)-Diethylamino Phenol, 4-(2-Tiazolylazo)- Resorcinol, 5-Methyl-4-(2-Tiazolylazo)-Resorcinol and 4-(2-Tiazolylazo)-p-Cresol have been investigated. Electrochemical behaviour of the heterocyclic dyes was investigated in Ethanole-BRT buffer in pH range 2,0-12,2 by SWV, DPP, SDC and CV techniques. The reduction mechanisms were suggested for all dyes on a mercury electrode. The electrochemical behaviours, the metal to ligand ratio of the complexes and the formation constants of the metal ion-dye complexes were determined in different pH values at the same medium by using spectroscopic methods. The pKa values of the dyes, complex forming ratios and formation constants were determined by using spectroscopic methods and through these values, the thermodynamic parameters (AG, AH and AS) of the complexes were calculated. It has been shown from the polarographic and voltammetric data that heterocyclic azo dyes excluding TAC underwent to reduction via a mechanism which gains 2 electrons and 2 protons in acidic and neutral media yielding hydrazo derivatives, 4 electrons and 4 protons in strongly basic medium resulting in corresponding amines. However, TAC taking 2 electrons and 2 protons was reduced to hydrazo stage in all pH values. The electrochemical behaviour of the complexes showed kinetic inertness and the reduction of the complexes occurred via ligands. The peak current-concentration plots showed that the copper(II) complexes have a stoichiometry of 1 : 1 whereas that of the Ni(II), Co(II) ve Zn(II) complexes was 1 :2. The pKa values of the dyes and the complex stochiometries found by spectroscopic methods are in accordance with those found by polarographic and voltametric techniques. As seen in the electrochemical behaviour of the complexes, the absorption spectrums were determined by the ligands. Because of the interference effects of the ligands, the changes in absorption of ligands were used to determine the formation constants in the thiazolylazo derivatives. Key Words: Azo dyes, metal complexes, polarography, voltammetry, diazenes
ABSTRACT DETERMINATION OF THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF SOME ORGANIC DYES AND THEIR COMPLEXES. The aim of this study is to determine the thermodynamic properties of azo dyes, which involve pyridyl and thiazolyl groups, and their metal complexes. In this work electrochemical and spectroscopic properties of the Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II) and Zn(II) complexes of 5-Bromo-(2-Pyridylazo)-Diethylamino Phenol, 4-(2-Tiazolylazo)- Resorcinol, 5-Methyl-4-(2-Tiazolylazo)-Resorcinol and 4-(2-Tiazolylazo)-p-Cresol have been investigated. Electrochemical behaviour of the heterocyclic dyes was investigated in Ethanole-BRT buffer in pH range 2,0-12,2 by SWV, DPP, SDC and CV techniques. The reduction mechanisms were suggested for all dyes on a mercury electrode. The electrochemical behaviours, the metal to ligand ratio of the complexes and the formation constants of the metal ion-dye complexes were determined in different pH values at the same medium by using spectroscopic methods. The pKa values of the dyes, complex forming ratios and formation constants were determined by using spectroscopic methods and through these values, the thermodynamic parameters (AG, AH and AS) of the complexes were calculated. It has been shown from the polarographic and voltammetric data that heterocyclic azo dyes excluding TAC underwent to reduction via a mechanism which gains 2 electrons and 2 protons in acidic and neutral media yielding hydrazo derivatives, 4 electrons and 4 protons in strongly basic medium resulting in corresponding amines. However, TAC taking 2 electrons and 2 protons was reduced to hydrazo stage in all pH values. The electrochemical behaviour of the complexes showed kinetic inertness and the reduction of the complexes occurred via ligands. The peak current-concentration plots showed that the copper(II) complexes have a stoichiometry of 1 : 1 whereas that of the Ni(II), Co(II) ve Zn(II) complexes was 1 :2. The pKa values of the dyes and the complex stochiometries found by spectroscopic methods are in accordance with those found by polarographic and voltametric techniques. As seen in the electrochemical behaviour of the complexes, the absorption spectrums were determined by the ligands. Because of the interference effects of the ligands, the changes in absorption of ligands were used to determine the formation constants in the thiazolylazo derivatives. Key Words: Azo dyes, metal complexes, polarography, voltammetry, diazenes
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Tez (doktora) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2004
Libra Kayıt No: 23196
Libra Kayıt No: 23196
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299
