Publication: Orta Karadeniz Bölgesinde Avlanan Küçük Demersal ve Pelajik Balık Türlerinin Kas Dokusunda Metallothionein, Oksidatif Stres ve Eser Metallerin İncelenmesi
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Bu çalışmada, Orta Karadeniz'de avcılığı yapılan pelajik türlerden hamsi (Engraulis encrasicolus, Grup 1) ve istavrit (Trachurus mediterraneus, Grup 2) ile demersal türlerden barbun (Mullus barbatus, Grup 3) ve mezgit (Merlangius merlangus, Grup 4) balıklarının kas dokularında bazı minerallerin (Ca, Mg, P, K, Na, Cl, Zn) düzeyleri ile tiyol-disülfid homeostazı ve oksidatif stres parametrelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Tiyol-disülfid homeostazı ile toplam antioksidan kapasitesi (TAS) ve toplam oksidan seviyesi (TOS) Rel Assay Diagnostics (Türkiye) kitleri kullanılarak spektrofotometrik yöntemle ölçüldü. TAS/TOS oranı oksidatif dengeyi değerlendirmek amacıyla hesaplandı. Mineral düzeyleri otoanalizörle ve metallothionein düzeyi ise ELISA kitiyle belirlendi. Kas dokusunda Ca ve Mg düzeyleri en yüksek Grup 1'de bulundu (P<0.05). Ca en düşük Grup 4'te, Mg ise en düşük Grup 3'te saptandı. P düzeyleri açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı fark görülmedi (P>0.05). K düzeyi en düşük Grup 1'de, en yüksek ise Grup 4'te tespit edildi (P<0.05). Na ve Cl düzeyleri Grup 1'de en yüksek, Grup 4'te ise en düşük bulundu. Zn düzeyi, en yüksek Grup 4'te ve en düşük Grup 2'de tespit edildi (P<0.05). Oksidatif stres göstergesi olan tiyol-disülfid homeostazı parametrelerinden total tiyol düzeyi, demersal türlerde (Grup 3 ve Grup 4) pelajik türlere göre daha yüksek bulundu. Natif tiyol düzeyi Grup 4'te en yüksek, pelajik türlerde ise daha düşük saptandı. Disülfid düzeyi en yüksek Grup 3'teydi ve sadece Grup 2 ile Grup 3 arasındaki fark anlamlı bulundu (P<0.05). TAS düzeyi açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı fark bulunmazken, sıralama Grup 1 > Grup 4 > Grup 3 > Grup 2 şeklinde belirlendi. TOS düzeyi en yüksek Grup 3'te ve en düşük ise Grup 2'de saptandı ve bu fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu (P<0.05). Sonuç olarak; elde edilen bulgular demersal ve pelajik türlerin çevresel koşullara adapte olmalarına göre değişmek üzere farklı oksidatif stres seviyeleri ve mineral içeriklerine sahip olduklarını gösterdi.
In this study, it was aimed to determine the levels of certain minerals (Ca, Mg, P, K, Na, Cl, Zn), thiol-disulfide homeostasis, and oxidative stress parameters in the muscle tissues of fish species caught in the Central Black Sea. These species included pelagic fish such as anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus, Group 1) and horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus, Group 2), as well as demersal fish such as red mullet (Mullus barbatus, Group 3) and whiting (Merlangius merlangus, Group 4). Thiol–disulfide homeostasis, total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) were measured spectrophotometrically using Rel Assay Diagnostics (Turkey) kits, and the TAS/TOS ratio was calculated to assess oxidative balance. Mineral levels were determined with an auto-analyzer, and metallothionein levels were quantified using an ELISA kit. Muscle tissue Ca and Mg concentrations were highest in Group 1 (P < 0.05); Ca was lowest in Group 4, and Mg was lowest in Group 3. No significant differences were observed among groups for P levels (P > 0.05). K concentrations were lowest in Group 1 and highest in Group 4 (P < 0.05). Na and Cl levels peaked in Group 1 and were lowest in Group 4, with the ranking for both Na and Cl being Group 1 > Group 3 > Group 2 > Group 4 (P < 0.05). Zn was highest in Group 4 and lowest in Group 2 (P < 0.05). Among thiol–disulfide homeostasis parameters, total thiol levels were higher in demersal species (Groups 3 and 4) than in pelagic species. Natif thiol was highest in Group 4 and lower in the pelagic groups. Disulfide levels peaked in Group 3, with a significant difference only between Groups 2 and 3 (P < 0.05). While TAS did not differ significantly among groups, the order was Group 1 > Group 4 > Group 3 > Group 2. TOS was highest in Group 3 and lowest in Group 2, and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the findings indicate that demersal and pelagic fish species exhibit different levels of oxidative stress and mineral content, which appear to be associated with their adaptation to environmental conditions.
In this study, it was aimed to determine the levels of certain minerals (Ca, Mg, P, K, Na, Cl, Zn), thiol-disulfide homeostasis, and oxidative stress parameters in the muscle tissues of fish species caught in the Central Black Sea. These species included pelagic fish such as anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus, Group 1) and horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus, Group 2), as well as demersal fish such as red mullet (Mullus barbatus, Group 3) and whiting (Merlangius merlangus, Group 4). Thiol–disulfide homeostasis, total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) were measured spectrophotometrically using Rel Assay Diagnostics (Turkey) kits, and the TAS/TOS ratio was calculated to assess oxidative balance. Mineral levels were determined with an auto-analyzer, and metallothionein levels were quantified using an ELISA kit. Muscle tissue Ca and Mg concentrations were highest in Group 1 (P < 0.05); Ca was lowest in Group 4, and Mg was lowest in Group 3. No significant differences were observed among groups for P levels (P > 0.05). K concentrations were lowest in Group 1 and highest in Group 4 (P < 0.05). Na and Cl levels peaked in Group 1 and were lowest in Group 4, with the ranking for both Na and Cl being Group 1 > Group 3 > Group 2 > Group 4 (P < 0.05). Zn was highest in Group 4 and lowest in Group 2 (P < 0.05). Among thiol–disulfide homeostasis parameters, total thiol levels were higher in demersal species (Groups 3 and 4) than in pelagic species. Natif thiol was highest in Group 4 and lower in the pelagic groups. Disulfide levels peaked in Group 3, with a significant difference only between Groups 2 and 3 (P < 0.05). While TAS did not differ significantly among groups, the order was Group 1 > Group 4 > Group 3 > Group 2. TOS was highest in Group 3 and lowest in Group 2, and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the findings indicate that demersal and pelagic fish species exhibit different levels of oxidative stress and mineral content, which appear to be associated with their adaptation to environmental conditions.
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