Publication: İslami Modernizm Geleneğinde Ahlak Anlayışı
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İnsanlar, çoğunlukla toplum halinde yaşamayı tercih ettiklerinden dolayı devamlı birbirleriyle ilişki halindedirler. Bu toplumsal yapı içerisinde insanın benimsediği davranışlar, ahlakı meydana getirmektedir. Teolojik açıdan düşünülecek olursa dinler de insanlara birtakım ahlaki fonksiyonlar tanımlamaktadır. İslam dini de insanın ahlaklı bir yaşam sürmesini istemektedir. Ancak günümüzdeki Müslüman ülke ve toplumların ahlak konusundaki durumuna bakıldığında toplumda ahlakın hayati bir rolünün olup olmadığı şüphelidir. Bu yüzden İslami bir ahlak teorisinin mümkün olup olmadığı sorusu akla gelmektedir. Bu soruya verilecek cevap, İslam'ı yorumlama metoduna göre değişiklik göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, İslami bir ahlak teorisinin mümkün olup olmadığı sorusuna odaklanmaktadır. İslami modernizm geleneğinin İslam'ı yorumlama yöntemi ahlak temelli olduğundan modernist geleneğin ahlak felsefesi ele alınarak sorunun cevabı araştırılmıştır. Birinci bölümde, İslami bir ahlak teorisi çizmeden önce İslam'ı yorumlama metodumuzun bu teoriyi etkilediğini göstermek için radikal ve modernist geleneğin İslam'a bakışlarına değinilmiştir. Bunlarla birlikte modernitenin ortaya çıkması sonucu ihya ve reform hareketlerinin iki gelenek üzerindeki etkisi de ele alınmıştır. İkinci bölümde, ahlak kavramına odaklanılmış ve ahlakın Batı, Doğu ve Uzak Doğu toplumlarındaki tarihsel serüveni ele alınmıştır. Böylece ahlak kavramının geçmişte nasıl ele alındığı ve günümüzde nasıl ele alınabileceği gösterilmek istenmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde, İslami modernizm geleneğinin ahlak felsefesi incelenmiştir ve araştırma sorusuna yanıt aranmıştır. Ayrıca bu bölümde çalışma bir adım daha derinleştirilerek modernist geleneğin çizmiş olduğu ahlak felsefesi ile doğal hukuk arasındaki ilişki irdelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, İslami bir ahlak teorisinin mümkün olduğu ve modernist geleneğin ahlak felsefesinin buna bir örnek oluşturduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Buna ek olarak modernist geleneğin ahlak felsefesinin bir doğal hukuk teorisi olduğu ileri sürülmüştür. Anahtar Sözcükler: İslami Modernizm, Vahhabilik, Ahlak, Doğal Hak, Doğal Hukuk.
People are in constant contact with each other because they mostly choose to live in a society. In this social structure, the behaviors that people adopt are bringing moral values. From a theological point of view, religions describe some moral functions to human beings. The religion of Islam also wants people to live a moral life. However, examining from the moral status of today's Muslim countries and societies, it is suspicious whether morality has crucial role in the society or not. Therefore, the question of whether or not an Islamic morality theory is possible comes to mind. The answer to this question varies according to the method of interpreting Islam. This study focuses on the question of whether an Islamic moral theory is possible. Since the tradition of Islamic modernism is based on morality, the answer to this question has been investigated by taking into consideration moral philosophy of modernist tradition. In the first part, before drawing an Islamic moral theory the radical and modernist tradition's attitude to Islam was addressed in order to show that method of interpreting Islam influenced this theory. Along with these, the influence of the movements of the revival and reform on the two traditions has been discussed. The second section focuses on the concept of ethics and discusses the historical adventure of morality in Western, Eastern and Far Eastern societies. Thus, it is desirable to show how the concept of morality has been dealt with in the past and how it can be handled today. In the third chapter, the moral philosophy of the tradition of Islamic modernism has been examined and an answer has been sought for the research question. Furthermore, the study of this section has been deepened one step further and examined the relationship between moral philosophy which modernist tradition has drawn and natural law. As a result, it is concluded that an Islamic moral theory is possible and moral philosophy of modernist tradition is an example of this. In addition, it is argued that the moral philosophy of modernist tradition is a natural law theory. Keywords: Islamic Modernism, Wahhabism, Morality, Natural Rights, Natural Law.
People are in constant contact with each other because they mostly choose to live in a society. In this social structure, the behaviors that people adopt are bringing moral values. From a theological point of view, religions describe some moral functions to human beings. The religion of Islam also wants people to live a moral life. However, examining from the moral status of today's Muslim countries and societies, it is suspicious whether morality has crucial role in the society or not. Therefore, the question of whether or not an Islamic morality theory is possible comes to mind. The answer to this question varies according to the method of interpreting Islam. This study focuses on the question of whether an Islamic moral theory is possible. Since the tradition of Islamic modernism is based on morality, the answer to this question has been investigated by taking into consideration moral philosophy of modernist tradition. In the first part, before drawing an Islamic moral theory the radical and modernist tradition's attitude to Islam was addressed in order to show that method of interpreting Islam influenced this theory. Along with these, the influence of the movements of the revival and reform on the two traditions has been discussed. The second section focuses on the concept of ethics and discusses the historical adventure of morality in Western, Eastern and Far Eastern societies. Thus, it is desirable to show how the concept of morality has been dealt with in the past and how it can be handled today. In the third chapter, the moral philosophy of the tradition of Islamic modernism has been examined and an answer has been sought for the research question. Furthermore, the study of this section has been deepened one step further and examined the relationship between moral philosophy which modernist tradition has drawn and natural law. As a result, it is concluded that an Islamic moral theory is possible and moral philosophy of modernist tradition is an example of this. In addition, it is argued that the moral philosophy of modernist tradition is a natural law theory. Keywords: Islamic Modernism, Wahhabism, Morality, Natural Rights, Natural Law.
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Tez (yüksek lisans) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2017
Libra Kayıt No: 120138
Libra Kayıt No: 120138
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154
