Publication: Diyabetik Nöropatisi Olan Hastalarda Suda Ayak Egzersizi ve Ayak Banyosu Uygulamasının Ağrı ve Yaşam Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisi
Abstract
Amaç: Bu araştırma diyabetik nöropatisi olan hastalara uygulanan suda ayak egzersizi ve ayak banyosunun ağrı ve yaşam kalitesi üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Materyal ve Metod: Araştırma, randomize kontrollü tek kör desende deneysel olarak yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini 30 Aralık 2023- 30 Aralık 2024 tarihleri arasında Sivas Suşehri Devlet Hastanesinin iç hastalıkları ve nöroloji poliklinikleri ile yataklı servislerindeki Diyabetik nöropati tanılı ve DN4 puanı 4 ve üzeri olan 75 hasta oluşturmuştur. Veriler, Hasta Bilgi Formu, Diyabetik Nöropatik Ağrı Anketi (DN4), Visüel Analog Skala (VAS) ve Nöropatik Ağrının Yaşam Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisi Anketi ile toplanmıştır. Çalışmada suda ayak egzersizi grubu, ayak banyosu grubu ve kontrol grubu olmak üzere üç grup yer almıştır. Deney gruplarına ısıyı sabit tutabilen ayak küvetleri verilip gün aşırı 15 dk dahil oldukları gruptaki uygulamaları yapmaları istenmiş ve telefon ile takibi sağlanmıştır. Kontrol grubuna rutin hemşirelik bakımları uygulanmıştır. Tüm grupların ölçümleri başlangıçta, 4. hafta ve 8. hafta (uygulama sonrası) yapılarak katılımcıların ağrı puanları ve yaşam kalitesi değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 64,97 ± 9,1 olarak belirlenmiştir. Gruplara göre yapılan karşılaştırmalarda sadece meslek (p=0,020) ve düzenli diyet uygulama değişkenlerinin dağılımlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık belirlenmiştir (p=0,004). Nöropatik ağrı puanlarının grup, zaman ve grup ile zaman değişkeninden etkilendiği ve suda ayak egzersizi grubunun diğer gruplara göre farklılaştığı belirlenmiştir (p<0,001). Uygulama süresi arttıkça ağrı skorlarında azalma görülmüştür (p<0,001). Yaşam kalitesi puanının grup, zaman, grup ile zaman değişkeninden etkilenmektedir (p<0,001). Yaşam kalitesi ölçek toplam puanı ise ayak banyosu ve suda ayak egzersizi grupları arasında istatistiksel olarak farklılaşmaktadır. Katılımcılar yaşam kalitesi alt boyutlarından belirtiler, psikoloji ve fiziksel aktivite alt boyutlarından olumlu yönde etkilenmektedir.Zaman değişkenine göre de başlangıç, 4. hafta, 8. hafta süreçleri boyunca müdahale gruplarında yaşam kalitesinde artış görülmüştür. Sonuç: Suda ayak egzersizi ve ayak banyosunun nöropatik ağrı düzeyini azalttığı, yaşam kalitesini arttırdığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada suda ayak egzersizinin ayak banyosuna göre nöropatik ağrıyı azaltmada daha etkili bir girişim olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Ağrı, Suda ayak egzersizi, Ayak banyosu, Diyabetik nöropatik ağrı, Hemşirelik, Yaşam kalitesi
Aim: This study aimed to determine the effects of water foot exercise and foot bath applied to patients with diabetic neuropathy on pain and quality of life. Material and Method: The study was conducted experimentally in a randomized controlled single-blind design. The universe of the study consisted of 75 patients with a DN4 score of 4 and above, who were diagnosed with diabetic neuropathy in the internal medicine and neurology polyclinics and inpatient services of Sivas Suşehri State Hospital between December 30, 2023 and December 30, 2024. Data were collected with the Patient Information Form, Diabetic Neuropathic Pain Questionnaire (DN4), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Questionnaire on the Effect of Neuropathic Pain on Quality of Life. The study included 3 groups: the water foot exercise group, the foot bath group and the control group. The experimental groups were given foot baths that could keep the temperature constant and were asked to perform the practices in the group they were included in for 15 minutes every other day and were followed up by phone. Routine nursing care was applied to the control group. Measurements of all groups were made at the beginning, 4th week and 8th week (after the application) and the pain scores and quality of life of the participants were evaluated. Results: The mean age of the participants was determined as 64.97 ± 9.1. In the comparisons made according to the groups, a statistically significant difference was determined only in the distributions of the variables of occupation (p=0.020) and regular diet application (p=0.004). It was determined that neuropathic pain scores were affected by group, time and group and time variables and that the water foot exercise group differed from the other groups (p<0.001). As the application period increased, a decrease was observed in pain scores (p<0.001). The quality of life score was affected by group, time, group and time variables (p<0.001). The total score of the quality of life scale differed statistically between the foot bath and water foot exercise groups. Participants were positively affected by the symptoms, psychology and physical activity sub-dimensions of the quality of life. According to the time variable, an increase in the quality of life was observed in the intervention groups during the initial, 4th week and 8th week processes. Conclusion: It was determined that foot exercise and foot bath in water reduced the level of neuropathic pain and increased the quality of life. In the study, it was determined that foot exercise in water was a more effective intervention in reducing neuropathic pain than foot bath. Keywords: Pain, Foot exercise, Foot bath, Diabetic neuropathic pain, Nursing, Quality of life
Aim: This study aimed to determine the effects of water foot exercise and foot bath applied to patients with diabetic neuropathy on pain and quality of life. Material and Method: The study was conducted experimentally in a randomized controlled single-blind design. The universe of the study consisted of 75 patients with a DN4 score of 4 and above, who were diagnosed with diabetic neuropathy in the internal medicine and neurology polyclinics and inpatient services of Sivas Suşehri State Hospital between December 30, 2023 and December 30, 2024. Data were collected with the Patient Information Form, Diabetic Neuropathic Pain Questionnaire (DN4), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Questionnaire on the Effect of Neuropathic Pain on Quality of Life. The study included 3 groups: the water foot exercise group, the foot bath group and the control group. The experimental groups were given foot baths that could keep the temperature constant and were asked to perform the practices in the group they were included in for 15 minutes every other day and were followed up by phone. Routine nursing care was applied to the control group. Measurements of all groups were made at the beginning, 4th week and 8th week (after the application) and the pain scores and quality of life of the participants were evaluated. Results: The mean age of the participants was determined as 64.97 ± 9.1. In the comparisons made according to the groups, a statistically significant difference was determined only in the distributions of the variables of occupation (p=0.020) and regular diet application (p=0.004). It was determined that neuropathic pain scores were affected by group, time and group and time variables and that the water foot exercise group differed from the other groups (p<0.001). As the application period increased, a decrease was observed in pain scores (p<0.001). The quality of life score was affected by group, time, group and time variables (p<0.001). The total score of the quality of life scale differed statistically between the foot bath and water foot exercise groups. Participants were positively affected by the symptoms, psychology and physical activity sub-dimensions of the quality of life. According to the time variable, an increase in the quality of life was observed in the intervention groups during the initial, 4th week and 8th week processes. Conclusion: It was determined that foot exercise and foot bath in water reduced the level of neuropathic pain and increased the quality of life. In the study, it was determined that foot exercise in water was a more effective intervention in reducing neuropathic pain than foot bath. Keywords: Pain, Foot exercise, Foot bath, Diabetic neuropathic pain, Nursing, Quality of life
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