Publication: Y ve Z Kuşağı Sporcularda Sporcu Kimliği, Sportmenlik Yönelimi ve Kişilik Özellikleri
Abstract
Bu çalışmanın amacı, Y ve Z kuşağı sporcularda sporcu kimliği, sportmenlik yönelimi ve kişilik özellikleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmada betimsel nitelik taşıyan tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini aktif olarak spor yapan Y (1980-1999) ve Z (2000-2010) kuşağında yer alan 1016 sporcu oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen kişisel bilgi formu ile Brewer ve Cornelius (2001) tarafından geliştirilen ve Öztürk ve Koca (2013) tarafından Türkçe'ye uyarlanan Sporcu Kimliği Ölçeği, Vallerand vd. (1997) tarafından geliştirilen ve Türkçe uyarlaması Balçıkanlı (2010) tarafından yapılan Çok Boyutlu Sportmenlik Yönelimi Ölçeği ve Gosling vd. (2003) tarafından geliştirilen ve Atak (2013) tarafından Türkçe'ye uyarlanan On-Maddeli Kişilik Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi sürecinde ikili grup karşılaştırmalarında Student t test; üç ve üzeri grup karşılaştırmalarında ise Tek Yönlü Varyans Analizi ve Tukey çoklu karşılaştırma testleri kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca Y ve Z kuşağı sporcuların sporcu kimliği, sportmenlik yönelimi ve kişilik özellikleri arasındaki ilişki Pearson Korelasyon katsayısı ile hesaplanmıştır. Katılımcıların kişilik özelliklerinin demografik değişkenlere göre dağılımı Ki-kare testi ile belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada kadın, Z kuşağı, bireysel ve profesyonel olarak spor yapan, sakatlık geçmişi olmayan, alkol ve sigara kullanmayan bireylerin daha yüksek bir sporcu kimliği ve sportmenlik yönelimi benimsediği belirlenirken 3 yıl ve altı spor yaşı olanların 8-10 yıl aralığında spor yaşına sahip olanlara göre sportmenlik puanlarının daha yüksek çıktığı tespit edilmiştir. Buna ilaveten üniversite mezunu sporcuların sporcu kimliği ve sportmenlik yönelimi puanlarının diğer eğitim düzeyine sahip sporculara göre düşük olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, dışa dönük ve sorumluluk kişilik özelliğine sahip sporcuların, yumuşak başlılık kişilik özelliğine sahip olanlara kıyasla daha yüksek bir sportmenlik yönelimine sahip olduğu, sporcu kimliği ve sportmenlik yönelimi ölçek toplam puanları arasında pozitif orta düzey bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Tüm bu bilgiler ışığında; spor yöneticileri ve antrenörler, cinsiyet ve kuşak farkındalığını artırarak sporculara yönelik uygun destek ve rehberlik hizmeti sağlayabilirler. Buna ek olarak sporculara erken yaşta etik değerlere odaklanmalarına yardımcı olacak eğitimlerin verilmesi elzemdir. Sporcuların kişilik özelliklerinin daha anlaşılması amacıyla kişilik profilleri oluşturularak sporculara kendilerini daha iyi tanıma ve potansiyel gelişim alanlarına odaklanmaları sağlanabilir.
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between athletic identity, sportsmanship orientation, and personality traits among Generation Y and Generation Z athletes. The descriptive survey model was used in the study. The study sample consisted of 1016 athletes actively engaged in sports, including Generation Y (1980-1999) and Generation Z (2000-2010). For data collection, a personal information form developed by the researchers, the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale developed by Brewer and Cornelius (2001) and adapted to Turkish by Öztürk and Koca (2013), the Multidimensional Sportspersonship Orientations Scale developed by Vallerand et al. (1997) and adapted to Turkish by Balçıkanlı (2010), and the Ten-Item Personality Inventory developed by Gosling et al. (2003) and adapted to Turkish by Atak (2013) were used. In the data analysis, Student's t-test was used to compare two groups, while One-Way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison tests were used to compare three or more groups. The relationship between athletic identity, sportspersonship orientation, and personality traits of Generation Y and Z athletes was calculated using the Pearson Correlation coefficient. The distribution of participants' personality traits according to demographic variables was determined by the Chi-square test. In the research, it was determined that women, Generation Z, individuals engaged in individual and professional sports, those without a history of injury, and those who do not use alcohol and cigarettes adopted a higher athletic identity and sportspersonship orientation. Additionally, it was found that individuals with a sports age of 3 years or less had higher sportspersonship scores compared to those with a sports age of 8-10 years. Furthermore, it was found that athletes with a university degree had lower scores in athletic identity and sportspersonship orientation compared to athletes with other levels of education. In conclusion, athletes with extroverted and responsible personality traits had a higher orientation towards sportspersonship compared to those with gentle personality traits, and there was a positive moderate relationship between the total scores of athletic identity and sportspersonship orientation. Considering all this information, sports managers and coaches can provide appropriate support and guidance services to athletes by increasing gender and generation awareness. In addition, it is essential to provide training to athletes from an early age focused on ethical values. To better understand the personality traits of athletes, creating personality profiles can help athletes know themselves better and focus on potential areas for development.
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between athletic identity, sportsmanship orientation, and personality traits among Generation Y and Generation Z athletes. The descriptive survey model was used in the study. The study sample consisted of 1016 athletes actively engaged in sports, including Generation Y (1980-1999) and Generation Z (2000-2010). For data collection, a personal information form developed by the researchers, the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale developed by Brewer and Cornelius (2001) and adapted to Turkish by Öztürk and Koca (2013), the Multidimensional Sportspersonship Orientations Scale developed by Vallerand et al. (1997) and adapted to Turkish by Balçıkanlı (2010), and the Ten-Item Personality Inventory developed by Gosling et al. (2003) and adapted to Turkish by Atak (2013) were used. In the data analysis, Student's t-test was used to compare two groups, while One-Way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison tests were used to compare three or more groups. The relationship between athletic identity, sportspersonship orientation, and personality traits of Generation Y and Z athletes was calculated using the Pearson Correlation coefficient. The distribution of participants' personality traits according to demographic variables was determined by the Chi-square test. In the research, it was determined that women, Generation Z, individuals engaged in individual and professional sports, those without a history of injury, and those who do not use alcohol and cigarettes adopted a higher athletic identity and sportspersonship orientation. Additionally, it was found that individuals with a sports age of 3 years or less had higher sportspersonship scores compared to those with a sports age of 8-10 years. Furthermore, it was found that athletes with a university degree had lower scores in athletic identity and sportspersonship orientation compared to athletes with other levels of education. In conclusion, athletes with extroverted and responsible personality traits had a higher orientation towards sportspersonship compared to those with gentle personality traits, and there was a positive moderate relationship between the total scores of athletic identity and sportspersonship orientation. Considering all this information, sports managers and coaches can provide appropriate support and guidance services to athletes by increasing gender and generation awareness. In addition, it is essential to provide training to athletes from an early age focused on ethical values. To better understand the personality traits of athletes, creating personality profiles can help athletes know themselves better and focus on potential areas for development.
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