Publication: Farklı Muamelelere Tabi Tutulmuş Süt Karma Yemlerinin Korunmuş Protein İçerikleri ve Süt İneklerinde Kullanılma Olanakları
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in FARKLI MUAMELELERE TABİ TUTULMUŞ SÜT KARMA YEMLERİNİN KORUNMUŞ PROTEİN İÇERİKLERİ VE SÜT İNEKLERİNDE KULLANILMA OLANAKLARI ÖZET Bu araştırma farklı muamelelere (yağ, Y; tannik asit, TA; yağ+tannik asit, Y+TA) tabi tutulmuş süt karma yemleri (SKY)'nin rumende parçalanma karakteristiklerinin ve süt sığırlarında kullanılabilme olanaklarının belirlenmesi amacıyla düzenlenmiştir. Araştırma iki deneme halinde yürütülmüştür. Birinci denemede (in situ) Y (%1, 2, 3 ve 4), TA (%2.5, 5.0, 7.5 ve 10.0) ve Y+TA (Y ve TA'nın tüm seviyelerinin birbirleriyle kombinasyonu) muamelesine tabi tutulan toplam 25 adet SKY'nin, rumen kanülü takılmış 2 baş Karayaka koçunda 4, 8, 12 ve 24 saatlik inkübasyonundan sonraki, rumen kuru madde parçalanabilirliği, organik maddeler parçalanabilirliği, ham protein parçalanabilirliği, bunlara ait parçalanama parametreleri (a, b, c ve a+b) ile pepsinde çözünen nitrojen içerikleri incelenmiştir. Parçalanma karakteristiklerinin tümüyle incelenmesi sonucu 2Y, 2.5TA, 2Y+2.5TA yemleri, diğerlerine oranla daha iyi neticeler vermiştir. İkinci deneme (süt verim denemesi), birinci denemenin sonuçlarına göre düzenlenmiş olup muamelesiz SKY (kontrol), 2Y, 2.5TA ve 2Y+2.5TA muamelesine tabi tutulan SKY'nin süt verim ve bileşimi üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Denemede 4 baş Jersey ırkı inek kullanılmış olup 4X4 latin kare deneme deseni uygulanmıştır. Muamelesiz SKY, 2Y, 2.5TA ve 2Y+2.5TA muamelesine tabi tutulan SKY tüketen hayvanlarda, normal süt verimi, %4 yağa göre düzeltilmiş süt verimi (DSV), süt kuru madde içeriği (KM), yağsız süt KM içeriği, ham protein içeriği, yağ içeriği, laktoz içeriği, ham kül içeriği, hayvanların KM tüketimleri, normal süt verimine göre yemden yararlanma oranı (YYO), DSV'ne göre YYO sırasıyla; 11.956, 12.138,10.887 ve 11.944 kg/gün (P 14.158, 14.498, 13.059 ve 13.697 kg/gün (P<0.05); %1 3.368, 13.337, 13.538 ve 13.412 (P>0.05); %8.118, 7.996, 8.353 ve 8.190 (P>0.05); %3.668, 3.698, 3.868 ve 3.632 (P<0.05); %5.250, 5.341, 5.185 ve 5.222 (P>0.05); %4.973, 4.812, 5.010 ve 5.042 (P>0.05); %0.748, 0.734, 0.744 ve 0.727IV (P>0.05); 15.969, 15.844, 15.943 ve 15.587 kg/gün (P>0.05); 1.336, 1.305, 1.464 ve 1.305 kg yem KM/kg süt (P>0.05); 1.128, 1.093, 1.221 ve 1.138 kg yem KM/kg süt (P>0.05) olarak bulunmuştur. Deneme sonuçlarına göre SKY'nin TA ve Y+TA muamelesine tabi tutulması süt verimi ve bileşiminde avantaj sağlamamıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Süt karma yemi, korunmuş protein, yağ, tannik asit, muamele, in situ, parçalanabilirlik, süt sığırı, süt verim ve bileşimi.
ABSTRACT This study was carried out to determine degradation characteristics of dairy compound feeds (DCF) subjected to various treatments, (fat, F; tannic acid, TA; fat+tannic acid, F+TA) and their possibilities of using at dairy cows. This study was composed of two trials. In first trial (in situ), ruminal dry matter (DM) degradabilities, organic matter degradabilities, crude protein (CP) degradabilities and degradation parameters belong to these degradability values (a, b, c, a+b) and pepsin soluble nitrogen contents of total 25 DCF subjected to F (1, 2, 3 and 4%), TA (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0%) and F+TA (combination of all the levels of F and TA) were examined after 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours incubation at 2 ruminal cannulated Karayaka wethers. Degradation characteristics showed that 2Y, 2.5TA, 2Y+2.5TA feeds gave better results than the other feeds. Second trial (milk yield trial) was arranged according to the results of first trial and the effects of untreated DFC (control) and DFCs subjected to 2Y, 2LŞSTA and 2Y+2.5TA on the milk yield and composition. In the study, 4 Jersey breed cows were used and 4X4 latin square experimental design was applied. Normal milk yield, 4% fat corrected milk yield (FCM), dry matter content of milk, non fat solids content of milk, CP content of milk, fat content of milk, lactose contepti6f milk, crude ash content of milk, daily DM consumption of cows, feed efficiency according to normal milk yield of cows, feed efficiency according to the FCM of cows were 11.956, 12.138,10.887 and 11.944 kg/day (P 14.158, 14.498, 13.059 and 13.697 kg/day (PO.05); 13.368, 13.337, 13.538 and 13.412% (P>0.05); 8.118, 7.996, 8.353 and 8.190% (P>0.05); 3.668, 3.698, 3.868 and 3.632% (PO.05); 5.250, 5.341, 5.185 and 5.222% (P>0.05); 4.973, 4.812, 5.010 and 5.042% (P>0.05); 0.748, 0.734, 0.744 and 0.727% (P>0.05); 15.969, 15.844, 15.943 and 15.587 kg/day (P>0.05); 1.336,VI 1.305, 1.464 and 1.305 kg feed DM/kg milk (P>0.05); 1.128, 1.093, 1.221 and 1.138 kg feed DM/kg milk (P>0.05), respectively. According to the results it can be said that TA and F+TA treatments had no possitive effect on milk yield and composition. Key Words: Dairy compound feed, protected protein, fat, tannic acid, treatment, in situ, degradability, cows, milk yield and composition.
ABSTRACT This study was carried out to determine degradation characteristics of dairy compound feeds (DCF) subjected to various treatments, (fat, F; tannic acid, TA; fat+tannic acid, F+TA) and their possibilities of using at dairy cows. This study was composed of two trials. In first trial (in situ), ruminal dry matter (DM) degradabilities, organic matter degradabilities, crude protein (CP) degradabilities and degradation parameters belong to these degradability values (a, b, c, a+b) and pepsin soluble nitrogen contents of total 25 DCF subjected to F (1, 2, 3 and 4%), TA (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0%) and F+TA (combination of all the levels of F and TA) were examined after 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours incubation at 2 ruminal cannulated Karayaka wethers. Degradation characteristics showed that 2Y, 2.5TA, 2Y+2.5TA feeds gave better results than the other feeds. Second trial (milk yield trial) was arranged according to the results of first trial and the effects of untreated DFC (control) and DFCs subjected to 2Y, 2LŞSTA and 2Y+2.5TA on the milk yield and composition. In the study, 4 Jersey breed cows were used and 4X4 latin square experimental design was applied. Normal milk yield, 4% fat corrected milk yield (FCM), dry matter content of milk, non fat solids content of milk, CP content of milk, fat content of milk, lactose contepti6f milk, crude ash content of milk, daily DM consumption of cows, feed efficiency according to normal milk yield of cows, feed efficiency according to the FCM of cows were 11.956, 12.138,10.887 and 11.944 kg/day (P 14.158, 14.498, 13.059 and 13.697 kg/day (PO.05); 13.368, 13.337, 13.538 and 13.412% (P>0.05); 8.118, 7.996, 8.353 and 8.190% (P>0.05); 3.668, 3.698, 3.868 and 3.632% (PO.05); 5.250, 5.341, 5.185 and 5.222% (P>0.05); 4.973, 4.812, 5.010 and 5.042% (P>0.05); 0.748, 0.734, 0.744 and 0.727% (P>0.05); 15.969, 15.844, 15.943 and 15.587 kg/day (P>0.05); 1.336,VI 1.305, 1.464 and 1.305 kg feed DM/kg milk (P>0.05); 1.128, 1.093, 1.221 and 1.138 kg feed DM/kg milk (P>0.05), respectively. According to the results it can be said that TA and F+TA treatments had no possitive effect on milk yield and composition. Key Words: Dairy compound feed, protected protein, fat, tannic acid, treatment, in situ, degradability, cows, milk yield and composition.
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Tez (doktora) –Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 1998
Libra Kayıt No: 31528
Libra Kayıt No: 31528
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