Publication: Samsun'da Fındık Yetiştiriciliği Yapılan Toprakların Bazı Özellikleri
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Samsun ilinde fındık yetiştiriciliği yapılan toprakların fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik özelliklerinin belirlendiği tez çalışmasının 464196 hektar olan araştırma alanında toprak özelliklerinin jeoistatistiksel yöntemlerle uzaysal değişimleri ortaya konulmuştur. Toprakların fiziksel ve kimyasal özelliklerinden; kum, silt, kil, pH, elektriksel iletkenlik, kireç, organik madde, toplam N, alınabilir P, değişebilir Na, K, Ca, Mg, ve alınabilir Fe, Cu, Zn ve Mn içerikleri incelenmiştir. Çalışma alanı topraklarının fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri için uzaysal bağımlılık etki mesafesinin en az EC'de (1506 m), en fazla ise K'da (633000 m) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Biyolojik toprak özelliklerinden mikrobiyal biyomas, toprak solunumu, dehidrogenaz aktivitesi, katalaz aktivitesi, üreaz aktivitesi, fosfataz aktivitesi, arilsülfataz aktivitesi ve Cmic/Corg oranı incelenmiştir. Çalışma alanı topraklarının biyolojik özellikleri için uzaysal bağımlılığı gösteren etki mesafesi en az fosfataz aktivitesinde (5700 m), en fazla ise arilsülfataz aktivitesinde (467100 m) olduğu belirlenmiştir. Toprakların fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik özellikleri ile başta organik madde ve N olmak üzere pH, tekstür gibi toprak özellikleri ile istatistiksel açıdan önemli ilişkiler belirlenmiştir. Araştırma yöresinde fındık yetiştirilen toprakların genellikle hafif asit reaksiyonlu, kireçsiz, tuzsuz, alkalilik sorunu bulunmayan, yeterli organik madde içeriğine sahip, K, Ca ve Mg içerikleri bakımından yeterli; P, Fe, Cu, Zn ve Mn kapsamının ise yetersiz olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bununla beraber, topraklardaki Ca/K, Mg/K oranları dikkate alındığında; fındık topraklarındaki katyonik dengenin K aleyhine tek taraflı bozulduğu, fındık topraklarında yapılacak gübreleme uygulamalarında mutlaka fizyolojik alkalin reaksiyonlu gübrelerin kullanılması gerektiği ve toprakta yeterli olsa dahi mutlaka K'lu gübreleme uygulamalarının yapılması gerektiği saptanmıştır.
The spatial changes of the physical, chemical and biological properties of hazelnut cultivated soils in Samsun were revealed by the geostatistical methods in the research area of 464196 hectares. The physical and chemical properties of the soils such as; sand, silt, clay, pH, electrical conductivity, lime, organic matter, total N, available P, exchangeable Na, K, Ca, Mg, available Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn contents were investigated. The lowest and the highest spatial dependency range for the physical and chemical properties of the soil in the study area were EC (1506 m) and K (633000 m), respectively. Microbial biomass, soil respiration, dehydrogenase activity, catalase activity, urease activity, phosphatase activity, arylsulfatase activity and Cmic / Corg ratios were investigated as biological soil properties. The lowest and the highest ranges for spatial dependence for the biological properties of the study areas were found as 5700 m in phosphatase activity and 467100 m in arylsulfatase activity, respectively. The physical, chemical and biological properties of soils had significant relations with especially organic matter and N, and also the other soil properties such as; pH and textures. In the study area, hazelnut cultivated soils were found generally slightly acidic, non-calcareous, unsaline, no problem for alkalinity, having sufficient organic matter content, sufficient in terms of K, Ca and Mg contents and unsufficient for in terms of P, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn contents. However with respect to Ca/K and Mg/K ratios of the soils, it was determined that the cationic balance in hazelnut cultivated soils was deteriorated for K, physiologically alkaline reactive fertilizers must be used in hazelnut fertilization practices, and the fertilization practices must be covered K even if it is sufficient in soils.
The spatial changes of the physical, chemical and biological properties of hazelnut cultivated soils in Samsun were revealed by the geostatistical methods in the research area of 464196 hectares. The physical and chemical properties of the soils such as; sand, silt, clay, pH, electrical conductivity, lime, organic matter, total N, available P, exchangeable Na, K, Ca, Mg, available Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn contents were investigated. The lowest and the highest spatial dependency range for the physical and chemical properties of the soil in the study area were EC (1506 m) and K (633000 m), respectively. Microbial biomass, soil respiration, dehydrogenase activity, catalase activity, urease activity, phosphatase activity, arylsulfatase activity and Cmic / Corg ratios were investigated as biological soil properties. The lowest and the highest ranges for spatial dependence for the biological properties of the study areas were found as 5700 m in phosphatase activity and 467100 m in arylsulfatase activity, respectively. The physical, chemical and biological properties of soils had significant relations with especially organic matter and N, and also the other soil properties such as; pH and textures. In the study area, hazelnut cultivated soils were found generally slightly acidic, non-calcareous, unsaline, no problem for alkalinity, having sufficient organic matter content, sufficient in terms of K, Ca and Mg contents and unsufficient for in terms of P, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn contents. However with respect to Ca/K and Mg/K ratios of the soils, it was determined that the cationic balance in hazelnut cultivated soils was deteriorated for K, physiologically alkaline reactive fertilizers must be used in hazelnut fertilization practices, and the fertilization practices must be covered K even if it is sufficient in soils.
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Tez (doktora) -- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, 2018
Libra Kayıt No: 124183
Libra Kayıt No: 124183
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